Parents of a preschool child ask the nurse, "Should we set rules for our child as part of a discipline plan?" Which is an accurate response by the nurse?

a. "It is best to delay the punishment if a rule is broken."

b. "The child is too young for rules. At this age, unrestricted freedom is best."

c. "It is best to set the rules and reason with the child when the rules are broken."

d. "Set clear and reasonable rules and expect the same behavior regardless of the circumstances."

Asnwer: D. "Set clear and reasonable rules and expect the same behavior regardless of the circumstance."

The nurse is caring for an adolescent hospitalized for asthma. The adolescent belongs to a large family. The nurse recognizes that the adolescent is likely to relate to which group?

a. Peers

b. Parents

c. Siblings

d. Teachers

Asnwer: A. peers

The nurse is explaining different parenting styles to a group of parents. The nurse explains that an authoritative parenting style can lead to which child behavior?

a. Shyness

b. Self-reliance

c. Submissiveness

d. Self-consciousness

Asnwer: B. Self-reliance

A foster parent is talking to the nurse about the health care needs for the child who has been placed in the parent's care. Which statement best describes the health care needs of foster children?

a. Foster children always come from abusive households and are emotionally fragile.

b. Foster children tend to have a higher than normal incidence of acute and chronic health problems.

c. Foster children are usually born prematurely and require technologically advanced health care.

d. Foster children will not stay in the home for an extended period, so health care needs are not as important as emotional fulfillment.

Asnwer: B. Foster children tend to have a higher than normal incidence of acute and chronic health problems.

The nurse is planning to counsel family members as a group to assess the family's group dynamics. Which theoretic family model is the nurse using as a framework?

a. Feminist theory

b. Family stress theory

c. Family systems theory

d. Developmental theory

Asnwer: C. Family systems theory.

The nurse is reviewing the importance of role learning for children. The nurse understands that children's roles are primarily shaped by which members?

a. Peers

b. Parents

c. Siblings

d. Grandparents

Asnwer: B. Parents

A 3-year-old child was adopted immediately after birth. The parents have just asked the nurse how they should tell the child that she is adopted. Which guideline concerning adoption should the nurse use in planning a response?

a. It is best to wait until the child asks about it.

b. The best time to tell the child is between the ages of 7 and 10 years.

c. It is not necessary to tell a child who was adopted so young.

d. Telling the child is an important aspect of their parental responsibilities.

Asnwer: D. Telling the child is an important aspect of their parental responsibilities.

Children may believe that they are responsible for their parents' divorce and interpret the separation as punishment. At which age is this most likely to occur?

a. 1 year

b. 4 years

c. 8 years

d. 13 years

Asnwer: B. 4 years

A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes has trouble sleeping. The nurse should recognize this as what?

a. Indicative of maladjustment

b. A common reaction to divorce

c. Suggestive of a lack of adequate parenting

d. An unusual response that indicates a need for referral

Asnwer: B. A common reaction to divorce.

A mother brings 6-month-old Eric to the clinic for a well-baby checkup. She comments, "I want to go back to work, but I don't want Eric to suffer because I'll have less time with him." Which is the nurse's most appropriate answer?

a. "I'm sure he'll be fine if you get a good babysitter."

b. "You will need to stay home until Eric starts school."

c. "Let's talk about the child care options that will be best for Eric."

d. "You should go back to work so Eric will get used to being with others."

Asnwer: C. "Let's talk about the child care options that will be best for Eric."

When assessing a family, the nurse determines that the parents exert little or no control over their children. This style of parenting is called which?

a. Permissive

b. Dictatorial

c. Democratic

d. Authoritarian

Asnwer: A. Permissive

When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4-year-old child, which should the nurse include?

a. Parental control should be consistent.

b. Withdrawal of love and approval is effective at this age.

c. Children as young as 4 years rarely need to be disciplined.

d. One should expect rules to be followed rigidly and unquestioningly.

Asnwer: A. Parental control should be consistent.

Which is a consequence of the physical punishment of children, such as spanking?

a. The psychologic impact is usually minimal.

b. The child's development of reasoning increases.

c. Children rarely become accustomed to spanking.

d. Misbehavior is likely to occur when parents are not present.

Asnwer: D. Misbehavior is likely to occur when parents are not present.

 The parents of a young child ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of time-outs, which should the nurse include?

a. Send the child to his or her room if the child has one.

b. A general rule for length of time is 1 hour per year of age.

c. Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.

d. If the child cries, refuses, or is more disruptive, try another approach.

Asnwer: C. Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.

Which type of family should the nurse recognize when the paternal grandmother, the parents, and two minor children live together?

a. Blended

b. Nuclear

c. Extended

d. Binuclear

Asnwer: C. Extended

Which type of family should the nurse recognize when a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together?

a. Traditional nuclear

b. Blended

c. Extended

d. Binuclear

Asnwer: C. Extended

Which is an accurate description of homosexual (or gay-lesbian) families?

a. A nurturing environment is lacking.

b. The children become homosexual like their parents.

c. The stability needed to raise healthy children is lacking.

d. The quality of parenting is equivalent to that of nongay parents.

Asnwer: D. The quality of parenting is equivalent to that of nongay parents.

The nurse is teaching a group of new nursing graduates about identifiable qualities of strong families that help them function effectively. Which quality should be included in the teaching?

a. Lack of congruence among family members

b. Clear set of family values, rules, and beliefs

c. Adoption of one coping strategy that always promotes positive functioning in dealing with life events

d. Sense of commitment toward growth of individual family members as opposed to that of the family unit

Asnwer: B. Clear set of family values, rules, and beliefs.

A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?

a. The parent is trying to feed the child only what the child likes most.

b. Hispanics believe the "evil eye" enters when a person gets cold.

c. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate "hot" remedies.

d. Hispanics believe an innate energy called chi is strengthened by eating soup.

Asnwer: C. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate "hot" remedies.

How is family systems theory best described?

a. The family is viewed as the sum of individual members.

b. A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members.

c. Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem.

d. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system.

Asnwer: D. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system.