A last pass at coding qualitative data in which a researcher examines previous codes to identify and select illustrative data that will support the conceptual coding categories that he or she developed.

A last pass at coding qualitative data in which a researcher examines previous codes to identify and select illustrative data that will support the conceptual coding categories that he or she developed.

 
A. selective coding


B. successive coding


C. open coding


D. primary coding

 Answer Key: A

Jacob Ladder developed a pure model of the "college student." He identified several characteristics that make up this picture of a hypothetical student. Next, he examined many college students and compared them to his idealized model. He discovered that students at private colleges fit the model better than students at public colleges. He also learned that women fit the model better than men and that the model fits students from small towns better than those from large cities, suburbs, or rural areas. He used

Jacob Ladder developed a pure model of the "college student." He identified several characteristics that make up this picture of a hypothetical student. Next, he examined many college students and compared them to his idealized model. He discovered that students at private colleges fit the model better than students at public colleges. He also learned that women fit the model better than men and that the model fits students from small towns better than those from large cities, suburbs, or rural areas. He used

A. successive approximation.


B. illustrative method.


C. narrative analysis.
 
D. ideal type analysis.


E. regression analysis.

 Answer Key: D

Professor Clondike asked the people she was studying to look at a set of 150 photos she had collected of their community. Each person was to take a set of the photos and sort them into piles that represented categories that made sense to them. Professor Clondike then asked for an explanation of what criteria were used to divide the photos. The methods Professor Clondike was used is called:

Professor Clondike asked the people she was studying to look at a set of 150 photos she had collected of their community. Each person was to take a set of the photos and sort them into piles that represented categories that made sense to them. Professor Clondike then asked for an explanation of what criteria were used to divide the photos. The methods Professor Clondike was used is called:

A. illustrative method.


B. flow chart development.


C. time allocation analysis.


D. successive approximation.
 
E. multiple sorting procedure.

 Answer Key: E

When analyzing his qualitative data, Nicholas Grigoryevich made a last pass through his notes skimming previous codes. He looked for specific information or data that was related to the main themes he had already identified. This is called

When analyzing his qualitative data, Nicholas Grigoryevich made a last pass through his notes skimming previous codes. He looked for specific information or data that was related to the main themes he had already identified. This is called

A. open coding.


B. axial coding.
 
C. selective coding.


D. contingency coding.


E. divergent coding.


 Answer Key: C

A method of qualitative data analysis in which a researcher takes the concepts of a social theory or explanation and treats them as empty boxes to be filled with empirical examples and descriptions.

A method of qualitative data analysis in which a researcher takes the concepts of a social theory or explanation and treats them as empty boxes to be filled with empirical examples and descriptions.

A. illustrative method

B. multiple regression

C. covariate analysis

D. cleaning

Sybil Thorndike developed an abstract model of the "perfect" poem. Her model included five factors: (1) clear cadence of words when spoken, (2) expressive emotional tone or mood, (3) powerful imagery, (4) creative word choice, and (5) overall appearance on the page) She used the factors to evaluate how well a group of 50 poems fit her model) She had created a(n)

Sybil Thorndike developed an abstract model of the "perfect" poem. Her model included five factors: (1) clear cadence of words when spoken, (2) expressive emotional tone or mood, (3) powerful imagery, (4) creative word choice, and (5) overall appearance on the page) She used the factors to evaluate how well a group of 50 poems fit her model) She had created a(n)

A. illustrative method.


B. natural history.


C. axial code.
 
D. ideal type.


E. narrative.

 Answer Key: D

When writing analytic memos, a qualitative researcher should

When writing analytic memos, a qualitative researcher should

 
A. date each memo to identify developments in thinking.


B. put multiple ideas in one memo to save space and time.


C. blend data notes and analytic notes together to save space and make it easy to see links between them.


D. wait until all data is recorded and coded, then write all analytic memos at one sitting.


E. after writing an analytic memo, ignore it until it is time to write up a final report.


 Answer Key: A

A type of writing about historical or other qualitative research in which the writer attempts to "tell a story" by following chronological orders, describing particular people and events, and focusing on many colorful details.

A type of writing about historical or other qualitative research in which the writer attempts to "tell a story" by following chronological orders, describing particular people and events, and focusing on many colorful details.

A. historical

B. comparative

C. narrative

D. story telling

A second coding of qualitative data after open coding. The researcher organizes the codes, develops links among them, and discovers key analytic categories.

A second coding of qualitative data after open coding. The researcher organizes the codes, develops links among them, and discovers key analytic categories.

A. sorting

B. axial coding

C. illustrative coding

D. qualitative

A researcher carefully followed ten nurses, one at a time, for four days. He recorded what each nurse did minute-by-minute and how long they spent on every activity. Afterwards, he examined how they really spent their time. He was conducting a(n.

A researcher carefully followed ten nurses, one at a time, for four days. He recorded what each nurse did minute-by-minute and how long they spent on every activity. Afterwards, he examined how they really spent their time. He was conducting a(n.

 
A. time allocation analysis.


B. ideal type analysis.


C. matrix analysis.


D. successive approximation.


E. multiple sorting procedure.


 Answer Key: A

A name for conceptual categories in an explanation that a researcher uses as part of the illustrative method of qualitative data analysis.

A name for conceptual categories in an explanation that a researcher uses as part of the illustrative method of qualitative data analysis.

A. conceptualization

B. graphing

C. pie charts

D. empty boxes

A method of qualitative data analysis in which the researcher repeatedly moves back and forth between the empirical data and abstract concepts, theories, or models.

A method of qualitative data analysis in which the researcher repeatedly moves back and forth between the empirical data and abstract concepts, theories, or models.

A. successive approximation

B. successive coding

C. repetitive coding

D. primary coding

Which method of data analysis does a researcher begin with empty boxes or concepts and then go look for empirical evidence showing that the concepts are useful in organizing information?

Which method of data analysis does a researcher begin with empty boxes or concepts and then go look for empirical evidence showing that the concepts are useful in organizing information?

A. narrative analysis


B. fixed analysis


C. successive approximation


D. ideal type analysis
 
E. illustrative method


 Answer Key: E

While analyzing qualitative data, Kristen Kurrenski made a first pass through her notes. She read slowly and put a preliminary label in the notes to identify themes in the data. She was using

While analyzing qualitative data, Kristen Kurrenski made a first pass through her notes. She read slowly and put a preliminary label in the notes to identify themes in the data. She was using

 
A. open coding.


B. axial coding.


C. selective coding.


D. contingency coding.


E. divergent coding.


 Answer Key: A

A first coding of qualitative data in which a researcher examines the data to condense them into preliminary analytic categories or codes for analyzing the data.

A first coding of qualitative data in which a researcher examines the data to condense them into preliminary analytic categories or codes for analyzing the data.

A. selective coding


B. successive coding
 
C. open coding


D. primary coding


 Answer Key: C

Which the following is a weakness of historical-comparative research?

Which the following is a weakness of historical-comparative research?

A. It helps researchers examine aspects of social life that are general across units.


B. It raises new questions and stimulates theory.


C. It exposes weaknesses in research design.
 
D. It is often based on a small number of cases.


E. It helps researchers develop concepts that are not specific to one culture or historical period.
 


Answer Key: D

Professor Henshaw went to the state historical library and state revenue department. He looked up the records of taxes paid each year by the twenty largest companies in the state between 1950 and the present. This type of data is best classified as

Professor Henshaw went to the state historical library and state revenue department. He looked up the records of taxes paid each year by the twenty largest companies in the state between 1950 and the present. This type of data is best classified as

 
A. running records.


B. recollections.


C. secondary sources.


D. primary sources.

  Answer Key: A

A great deal of primary historical data is located in archives. Which of the following is TRUE about doing archival research?

A great deal of primary historical data is located in archives. Which of the following is TRUE about doing archival research?

A. Virtually all archival materials have been put onto computers so scanning through large amounts of material online is very easy.


B. Most archives are located in one or two large cities, so even if one needs to visit an archive, it is easy to find one. Most are open seven days a week for 12 hours per day.


C. Archival materials are usually very well organized and sorted. All material is clearly labeled and categorized for easy searching.
 
D. Archival research is often painstakingly slow. Often there are gaps or holes in a series of papers or destroyed documents, but reading new material can reveal new ideas or connections.


E. Common events and individuals persons are easy to track in archival material. All materials are in one location, and everything related to a person or event of interest will be clearly connect and include everything of relevance.

  Answer Key: D

A comparative-historical researcher can encounter each of the following ethical issues, EXCEPT which one?

A comparative-historical researcher can encounter each of the following ethical issues, EXCEPT which one?

A. There is an increased burden of proof on the researcher because replication is difficult.


B. A person's descendants may want to hide private papers that the researcher could learn much from.


C. The different cultural values may include different standards of privacy or acceptable behavior.


D. A researcher conducting research in a different country has to be careful to leave some benefit or provide information to the people in the country being studied.
 
E. All of the above are ethical issues in historical-comparative research.

  Answer Key: E

The pure historian and the historical-comparative sociologist differ. The sociologist is more likely to

The pure historian and the historical-comparative sociologist differ. The sociologist is more likely to

A. use primary evidence much more than secondary or other evidence.


B. use a pure idiographic approach.


C. use primary data to study details of a very specific place and time, (e.g., What did slaveholders in Smallsville, Mississippi do in 1842?) .
 
D. make some empirical generalizations and use limited theory.


E. A and C

  Answer Key: D