Biopsychology
Showing posts with label Biopsychology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Biopsychology. Show all posts

Kluver-Bucy syndrome is characterized by:

Kluver-Bucy syndrome is characterized by:




  1. visual agnosia
  2. increased oral behaviors
  3. increased sexual behaviors
  4. extreme fear reactions
  5. a, b, and c

Answer: 5

Two brain structures not originally proposed by Paper as important to emotional experience and expression, but now known to be important, are the ____ and the _____.

Two brain structures not originally proposed by Paper as important to emotional experience and expression, but now known to be important, are the ____ and the _____.





  1. mammillary bodies; amygdala
  2. cingulate gyrus; fornix
  3. amygdala; orbital prefrontal cortex
  4. parahippocampal gyrus; cingulate gyrus

Answer: 3

Which of the following brain structures have been identified as primary sites where neuronal activity is altered by drugs of abuse?

Which of the following brain structures have been identified as primary sites where neuronal activity is altered by drugs of abuse?





  1. Amygdala and orbital frontal cortex
  2. Ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens
  3. Cingulate cortex and nucleus accumbens
  4. Ventral tegmental area and amygdala
  5. Hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus

Answer: 4

In associative learning studies of monkey, dopaminergic neural activity in the ventral segmental area of subjects that had been successfully conditioned to a stimulus showed:

In associative learning studies of monkey, dopaminergic neural activity in the ventral segmental area of subjects that had been successfully conditioned to a stimulus showed:





  1. decreased activity when they were given a reward.
  2. decreased activity in response to the conditioned stimulus.
  3. increased activity when they were given a reward.
  4. decreased activity when the predicted reward was withheld.
  5. all of the above.



Answer: 4

The "Duchenne smile":

The "Duchenne smile":





  1. involves activation of the orbicularis oculi muscles around the eyes.
  2. is driven selectively via the pyramidal motor system.
  3. involves those muscles affected in voluntary facial paresis.
  4. is unaffected by lesions that cause emotional facial paresis.
  5. all of the above

Answer: 1

The most enigmatic aspect of emotional experience is:

The most enigmatic aspect of emotional experience is:



  1. the association of neutral stimuli with reward.
  2. the association of neutral stimuli with punishment.
  3. the highly subjective "feelings" that attend many emotional states.
  4. innate fear responses.
  5. the ability to remember strong emotional stimuli.

Answer: 3

Activation of the visceral component of the sympathetic nervous system as it relates to emotional processing:

Activation of the visceral component of the sympathetic nervous system as it relates to emotional processing:





  1. is an all-or-none phenomenon, with resultant widespread activity
  2. promotes the buildup of the organism's metabolic reserves
  3. results in specific responses associated with different emotional states
  4. Both b and c
  5. None of the above

Answer: 3

Which are the following statements about lateralization of emotional processing is true?

Which are the following statements about lateralization of emotional processing is true?





  1. The left hemisphere is involved in negative emotional experience and mood.
  2. The right hemisphere is involved in the perception and expression of emotion.
  3. Emotional facial expressions are more readily identified when presented to the right versus the left visual field.
  4. Both a and b
  5. All of the above

Answer: 2

Which of the following was not one of the findings of the Bard and Hess studies of emotion?

Which of the following was not one of the findings of the Bard and Hess studies of emotion?





  1. The hypothalamus is important in the expression of coordinated emotional behaviors.
  2. The visceral and somatic motor aspects of emotion are mediated by parallel, non-overlapping brain circuits.
  3. Coordinated emotional behaviors can occur even if neocortex has been removed.
  4. Sham rage expressions can be elicited by means of hypothalamic stimulation.
  5. All of the above were findings in these studies.

Answer: 2

Which of the following statements about the amygdala is false?

Which of the following statements about the amygdala is false?





  1. It is involved in making associations between neutral and fearful stimuli.
  2. It processes information about rewarding stimuli.
  3. It shows NMDA-receptor dependent long-term potentiation.
  4. It is involved in procedural learning.
  5. It receives information from the medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus.

Answer: 4

The "vicarious states" of Damasio give mental representations contingencies that:

The "vicarious states" of Damasio give mental representations contingencies that:





  1. help identify rewarding stimuli
  2. help identify punishing stimuli
  3. support William James' quote that, "emotion dissociated from all bodily feeling is inconceivable."
  4. help an individual to identify favorable or unfavorable outcomes of different scenarios
  5. recur during both daydreams and nightmares


Answer: 4

Functional neuroimaging studies (by Drevets and Raichle) of subjects with unipolar depression have shown:

Functional neuroimaging studies (by Drevets and Raichle) of subjects with unipolar depression have shown:





  1. decreased blood flow in the amygdala and specific areas in the prefrontal cortex.
  2. no difference in blood flow patterns between depressed and non-depressed subjects.
  3. abnormal blood flow in specific prefrontal cortical areas that continues even after resolution of depressive symptoms.
  4. increased blood flow in the amygdala and specific areas in the prefrontal cortex.
  5. increased blood flow in all limbic structures.

Answer: 4
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