Joanne is a likable and popular staff member. Despite occasional complaints from patients about inappropriate comments and rough handling of patients, Joanne continues to receive positive performance appraisals. This is an example of:
a. Halo effect.
b. Rare conflict.
c. Role ambiguity.
d. Evaluator bias.
ANS: A
Halo effect occurs when the performance rating is based on a characteristic of the individual that actually has nothing to do with the work traits being considered. Managers may give higher ratings to individuals they like (halo effect) and lower ratings to individuals they do not like (negative halo effect).