What are some of the pathologic effects of teichoic acid and endotoxin/LPS?
a. Induce cytokines
b. Induce TNF-alpha
c. Induce IL-4
d. All of the above
e. A and B
Answer: E
Bacteriology
- What test allows identification of a capsule in bacteria?
- What are the two functions of a bacterial capsule?
- What are the two notable examples of bacterial capsules made from a macromolecule other than polysaccharides?
- Bacterial capsules are typically made from what macromolecule?
- What are the three major components of the bacterial envelope?
- Which of the following is NOT classified as STI?
- C. trachomatis is the most common cause of ____________ in young men.
- "Rice water" stool is a classic symptom of which of the following infections?
- IV drug users are more susceptible to get endocarditis resulting from which of the following organisms?
- S. aureus vegetations on previously normal tricuspid valve can lead to:
- Anaerobic bacteria in the intestines are major source of which vitamin?
- _____ causes the release of shiga?
- Viral cause(s) of diarrhea result(s) from the infection of which of the following viruses?
- Headache, fever and nuchal rigidity are symptoms of:
- Which of the following population is/are particularly susceptible to conjunctivitis?
- Swimmers and diabetics are at increased risk for which of the following infection?
- E. coli is the most common cause of meningitis in which of the following age group?
- Which of the following ways is toxoplasmosis contracted?
- Which of the following is/are NOT congenital rubella syndrome?
- _______is a fungal infection that can be associated with antibiotic use or immune deficiency.
- Clinical manifestations of pyelonephritis include:
- Sepsis can be defined as:
- HACEK organisms are part of:
- Development of new heart murmur can suggest the diagnosis of:
- Hospital acquired pneumonia is most likely caused by: