While the nature of adenosine actions on central circuits is not well understood, adenosine is thought to have an inhibitory or relaxing effect because of which of the following observations?

While the nature of adenosine actions on central circuits is not well understood, adenosine is thought to have an inhibitory or relaxing effect because of which of the following observations?





  1. Its presence in many inhibitory neurons
  2. Its ability to block the reuptake of inhibitory transmitters
  3. Its actions as a cofactor at glycine receptors
  4. The consequences of xanthine (e.g., caffeine) blockade of adenosine receptors
  5. The co-localization of adenosine with GABA in GABAergic synaptic vesicles

Answer: 4