In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by
A) hydrogen bonds.
B) nonpolar covalent bonds.
C) polar covalent bonds.
D) ionic bonds.
E) van der Waals interactions.
Answer: C
Water and Life
- If the cytoplasm of a cell is at pH 7, and the mitochondrial matrix is at pH 8, this means that
- One idea to mitigate the effects of burning fossil fuels on atmospheric CO2 concentrations is to pipe liquid CO2 into the ocean at depths of 2,500 feet or greater. At the high pressures at such depths, CO2 is heavier than water. What potential effects might result from implementing such a scheme?
- How would acidification of seawater affect marine organisms?
- Increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations might have what effect on seawater?
- Equal volumes (5 mL) of vinegar from a freshly opened bottle are added to each of the following solutions. After complete mixing, which of the mixtures will have the highest pH?
- A beaker contains 100 mL of NaOH solution at pH = 13. A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1. Which of the following statements correctly describes the results of this mixing?
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) is readily soluble in water, according to the equation CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a weak acid. Respiring cells release CO2 into the bloodstream. What will be the effect on pH of blood as that blood first comes in contact with respiring cells?
- If a solution has a pH of 7, this means that
- Consider two solutions: solution X has a pH of 4; solution Y has a pH of 7. From this information, we can reasonably conclude that
- Research indicates that acid precipitation can damage living organisms by
- Assume that acid rain has lowered the pH of a particular lake to pH 4.0. What is the hydroxyl ion concentration of this lake?
- One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is a weak acid that, when placed in an aqueous solution, dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO3- and a hydrogen ion (H+). Thus, H2CO3 ↔ HCO3- + H+ If the pH of the blood increases, one would expect
- One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and a hydrogen ion (H+). Thus, H2CO3 ↔ HCO3- + H+ If the pH of the blood drops, one would expect
- Buffers are substances that help resist shifts in pH by
- Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?
- One liter of a solution of pH 9 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH-) than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?
- One liter of a solution of pH 2 has how many more hydrogen ions (H+) than 1 L of a solution of pH 6?
- If the pH of a solution is increased from pH 5 to pH 7, it means that the
- If the pH of a solution is decreased from 9 to 8, it means that the
- What is the hydrogen ion [H+] concentration of a solution of pH 8?
- Which of the following solutions would require the greatest amount of base to be added to bring the solution to neutral pH?
- What is the pH of a 1 millimolar NaOH solution?
- What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxyl ion [OH-] concentration of 10-12 M?
- A solution contains 0.0000001(10-7) moles of hydroxyl ions [OH-] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?
- A given solution contains 0.0001(10-4) moles of hydrogen ions [H+] per liter. Which of the following best describes this solution?