In the cold agglutinin test, the tubes containing the serum and erythrocytes are allowed to stand overnight in the refrigerator, and the results are read the next morning. If a disk of the erythrocytes floats up from the bottom of the tube with only the flick of a finger, this is read as a:
a. 4+ reaction
b. 2+ reaction
c. 1+ reaction
d. negative
Answer: A
Immunology
- Which of the following represents the primary site where immature T-cells referred to nude or double negative lymphocytes, will be found?
- Which of the following receptor types is used in T-cell independent activation of a virgin B-cell?
- Which of the following surface molecules do cytotoxic lymphocytes use to induce the death of infected host cells?
- If a self-reactive lymphocyte ultimately binds to a self-antigen on tissue cell without co-stimulation, it's function is shut down in a process called?
- Signal transduction proteins send a signal to the nucleus that an cell surface antigen-receptor has bound to its cognate antigen. Which of the following represents the signal transduction proteins found in a T-cell receptor
- Which of the following processes is used in affinity maturation the fine-tuning of an antibody molecule?
- If a memory B-cell is reactivated by its cognate antigen which of the following differentiated cell types can it become?
- B-microglobulin molecule are exclusively associated with which of the following?
- Mhc2 receptors are found on all of the following cells except?
- Differentiating lymphocytes displaying antigen-receptors that cross react with self-molecules will be neutralised and put out of commission by which process?
- Which of the following cells is activated to kill an infected body cell when it displays an invasive antigen presented by an MHC1 receptor?
- Tc cells check each cell to see if ________.
- Which statement is true about T cells?
- Antibody functions include all of the following except ________.
- Select the correct statement about complement.
- There are over ________ different types of antigen receptors.
- Select the correct statement about the function of antibodies.
- The primary immune response ________.
- Clonal selection of B cells ________.
- Natural killer (NK) cells ________.
- Delayed hypersensitivities ________.
- Immediate hypersensitivities ________.
- Helper T cells ________.
- Cytotoxic T cells ________.
- Select the correct statement about active and passive immunity.