In its 1995 ruling in Adarand Constructors v. Pena, the Supreme Court
A) changed direction and began to curtail federal use of affirmative action programs.
B) outlawed discrimination against women in the construction industry.
C) mandated an expansion of federal affirmative action programs.
D) upheld federal affirmative action programs as constitutional.
E) broadened the scope of state and local affirmative action programs that it considers constitutional.
Answer: A