Secondary reinforcers are
a. almost never effective.
b. much more effective than primary reinforcers.
c. innate.
d. learned.
Answer: D
AP Psychology
- Which approach would attempt to minimize psychological disorders by working to alleviate the conditions that cause child abuse and illiteracy in society?
- Preventive mental health is based on the assumption that psychological disorders result from
- Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light exposure, and social engagement are important components of
- Antidepressant drugs, a fresh perspective on his problems, and a strong therapeutic alliance all contributed to helping David recover from a major depressive disorder. An integrated understanding of David's recovery process is best provided by
- Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic?
- Which psychosurgical procedure was designed to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients?
- Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called
- Though not performed today, lobotomies provide a historical example of
- Using implanted electrodes to inhibit activity in an area of the cortex that triggers negative emotions is called
- Compared with ECT, rTMS is ________ likely to produce seizures and ________ likely to produce memory loss.
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation shows greatest promise for the treatment of
- A chest implant that intermittently stimulates the vagus nerve has been used to treat some patients with
- Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from electroconvulsive therapy?
- Which of the following treatments is most likely to be used only with severely depressed patients?
- Depakote, a drug originally used to treat epilepsy, more recently has been found to be effective in the control of
- Mr. McCardle's excessive feelings of helplessness and despondency are periodically interrupted by episodes in which he experiences extreme feelings of personal power and a grandiose optimism about his future. Which drug would most likely be prescribed to alleviate his symptoms?
- Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of
- Antidepressant drugs have been found to be less effective than originally thought in large part because patient improvement often results from spontaneous recovery or
- Alex feels so hopeless and depressed that he has recently thought about taking his own life. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to him is
- Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called SSRIs because they
- Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called
- Selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors are prescribed to
- Dual-action antidepressant drugs work by increasing the availability of
- Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms following the discontinued use of an antianxiety drug are indicative of
- Which drug enhances the benefits of exposure therapy and helps relieve the symptoms of PTSD and OCD?