An 85y.o for open AAA repair. Refuses blood because of risk of vCJD. You tell him you won't anaesthetise him as the risk is too high. This is an example of:

An 85y.o for open AAA repair. Refuses blood because of risk of vCJD. You tell him you won't anaesthetise him as the risk is too high. This is an example of:

An 85y.o for open AAA repair. Refuses blood because of risk of vCJD. You tell him you won't anaesthetise him as the risk is too high. This is an example of:








A: Autonomy
B: Beneficence
C: Malevolence
D: Coercion
E: Paternalism










Answer:  C