People encounter fungi on a daily basis, yet few healthy individuals develop fungal infections. Each of the following are mechanisms of the innate immune system that help prevent or limit fungal infections in healthy individuals EXCEPT:
A. neutrophils are especially good a phagocytizing fungal cells.
B. normal microbial flora (commensals) limit fungal growth by toxin (antimicrobial) production.
C. normal microbial flora use available nutrients and colonization space on the host, which makes the host an inhospitable environment for fungal cells.
D. PAMPs such as b-glucans, mannans, and chitin are recognized by innate immune cells.
E. several species of fungi are able to block PRR binding.
Answer: E