Archive for March 2018

Which of the following best illustrates the process of evolution?

Which of the following best illustrates the process of evolution?



a. a lizard's color becomes brown as it sits on a log
b. a polar bear follows prey to warmer latitudes and is able to survive
c. a plant loses its leaves in a drought
d. a population of mosquitoes develops resistance to a pesticide over several generations
e. a population of fozes increases as more prey becomes available



Answer: d

Which of these is NOT a good strategy for making a city more sustainable?

Which of these is NOT a good strategy for making a city more sustainable?




a. compact development
b. maximizing urban green space
c. curbside recycling programs
d. efficient means of public transportation
e. tax incentives for living in rural zip codes



Answer: e

Which of the following statements regarding urbanization trends is true:

Which of the following statements regarding urbanization trends is true:



a. as of 2008, one third of the worl'd population lives in urban areas
b. most urban growth in the world is occurring in developing countries
c. cities in developing nations tend to have more females while cities in highly developed countries often have a higher ratio of males to females
d. urbanization in developed countries is increasing more rapidly than in developing countries
e. both a and b


Answer: b

Greenhouse gases increase ocean temperature, leading to more evaporation/clouds, Which leads to cooling of the earth's surface by reflection of solar radiation. this is an example of a:

Greenhouse gases increase ocean temperature, leading to more evaporation/clouds, Which leads to cooling of the earth's surface by reflection of solar radiation. this is an example of a:




a. closed system
b. negative feedback mechanism
c. dynamic equilibrium
d. positive feedback mechanism
e. steady state



Answer: b

Which of the following is an area where primary succession could occur?

Which of the following is an area where primary succession could occur?




a. a forest devastated by a tornado
b. a forest that has been clear-cut
c. an area that was recently burned
d. an area recently covered by glaciers
e. all of the above



Answer: d

A population is defined as:

A population is defined as:




a. organisms that live together
b. organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
c. a croup of similar organisms whose members interbreed with one another
d. all of the organisms that live together in an area, plus the physical environment that they live in
e. all organisms at a given trophic level within a particular community



Answer: b

Which of these is/are true?

Which of these is/are true?




a. 10 percent of the energy in one trophic level is transferred to the next level
b. primary consumers usually eat secondary consumers
c. gross primary productivity is energy available for food to other organisms
d. there are many more producers than consumers
e. a and d



Answer: e

Green anoles were forced out of their established habitat of trees, plants, fences etc. by invasive brown anoles. the green anoles had to find new habitats in wetlands and tree crowns. this illustrates the concept of:

Green anoles were forced out of their established habitat of trees, plants, fences etc. by invasive brown anoles. the green anoles had to find new habitats in wetlands and tree crowns. this illustrates the concept of:




a. mutualism
b. keystone species
c. realized niche
d. parasitism
e. a and c



Answer: c

Which of these works is correctly matched with the author/signer?

Which of these works is correctly matched with the author/signer?




a. FRD- antiquities act
b. TR- soil conservation act
c. TR- general revisions act
d. john james Audubon- birds of america
e. all of the above



Answer: d

The phosphorus cycle differs from the carbon cycle in that:

The phosphorus cycle differs from the carbon cycle in that:




a. there is little to no human impact on the phosphorous cycle
b. plants play a role in the carbon cycle, but have little role in the phosphorous cycle
c. phosphorous is not a critical component of living organisms
d. the atmosphere plays very little role in the phosphorous cycle
e. both b and d



Answer: d

The troposphere is characterized by:

The troposphere is characterized by:




a. very high levels of ozone
b. extremely high pressure
c. increasing temp with height
d. presence of aurora
e. all of the above



Answer: b

Which of the following is correctly listen from smallest to largest unit?

Which of the following is correctly listen from smallest to largest unit?




a. ecosystem, population, community, biome
b. biome, community, population, ecosystem
c. community, population, ecosystem, biome
d. population, community, ecosystem, biome
e. ecosystem, biome, community, population



Answer: d

Eutrophication is:

Eutrophication is:




a. the conversion of organic nitrogen to inert nitrogen by microbial activity
b. the accumulation of phosphorous in the atmosphere
c. excessive loading of phosphorous and nitrogen in a body of water
d. common in freshwater pongs (i.e Audubon park) but are rare along coastlines
e. c and d



Answer: c

Which of the following is correctly listen from smallest to largest unit?

Which of the following is correctly listen from smallest to largest unit?




a. ecosystem, population, community, biome
b. biome, community, population, ecosystem
c. community, population, ecosystem, biome
d. population, community, ecosystem, biome
e. ecosystem, biome, community, population



Answer: d

The "deep ecology" worldview most closely resembles the:

The "deep ecology" worldview most closely resembles the:




a. western worldview
b. utilitarian worldview
c. biocentric preservationist attitude
d. frontier attitude
e. worldview of Theodore Roosevelt



Answer: c

Energy enters almost all ecosystems as:

Energy enters almost all ecosystems as:




a. mechanical energy
b. chemical energy
c. nuclear energy
d. radiation
e. none of these



Answer: d

A scientific theory is:

A scientific theory is:




a. the same thing as a scientific law
b. different from a scientific law in that theories are often represented by an equation
c. often developed by the work of one or two brilliant, individual scientists
d. unlike a hypothesis in that a theory can't be falsified
e. none of the above


Answer: e

In the scientific method,

In the scientific method,



a. hypotheses are statements of fact
b. theories and laws are the same thing
c. hypotheses can't be proven 100 % true
d. hypotheses can never be proven completely false
e. both a and d


Answer: c

The troposphere is characterized by:

The troposphere is characterized by:




a. very high levels of ozone
b. extremely high pressure
c. increasing temp with height
d. presence of aurora
e. all of the above



Answer: b

Eutrophication is:

Eutrophication is:




a. the conversion of organic nitrogen to inert nitrogen by microbial activity
b. the accumulation of phosphorous in the atmosphere
c. excessive loading of phosphorous and nitrogen in a body of water
d. common in freshwater pongs (i.e Audubon park) but are rare along coastlines
e. c and d



Answer: c

The phosphorus cycle differs from the carbon cycle in that:

The phosphorus cycle differs from the carbon cycle in that:




a. there is little to no human impact on the phosphorous cycle
b. plants play a role in the carbon cycle, but have little role in the phosphorous cycle
c. phosphorous is not a critical component of living organisms
d. the atmosphere plays very little role in the phosphorous cycle
e. both b and d


Answer: d

Most ecotoxicologists currently believe that

Most ecotoxicologists currently believe that




a. endocrine disruptors are far less of a problem than environmental scientists claim
b. dilution is the solution to pollution
c. small traces of toxic chemicals released by human activity can have dire impacts
d. toxic chemical "act alone," and rarely combine with other chemicals
e. both a and c


Answer: c

Loam:

Loam:




a. contains roughly equal percentages of sand and silt
b. is an ideal agricultural soil
c. has good aeration and drainage
d. has a medium ability to hold nutrients and water
e. all of the above


Answer: e

A "dose-response curve" shows:

A "dose-response curve" shows:




a. the dose of a given chemical that is lethal to 50% of population
b. the dose of a given chemical that causes 50% of a population to exhibit a response
c. the correct dose to use in the treatment of illness
e. the effect of different doses on a population of test organisms


Answer: e

Where would I find the thickest a-horizon?

Where would I find the thickest a-horizon?




a. a brazilian rain forest
b. a coniferous forest in northern Canada
c. a desert in arizona
d. a grassland in nebraska
e. all of these lack an a-horizon



Answer: d

GM (genetically modified) crops and goods:

GM (genetically modified) crops and goods:




a. have less nutritional value than the original product
b. are more susceptible to pests
c. can often have negative health impacts
d. are no longer recommended by the FDA
e. none of these



Answer: e

The aral sea:

The aral sea:



a. is located between on the baltic peninsula
b. is/was the smallest of the earth's six oceans
c. was drained by diverting water for agriculture
d. is now slowly expanding after decades of drying
e. all of the above



Answer: c

Emerging diseases are

Emerging diseases are




a. infectious diseases that were not previously found in humans and typically jump from an animal host to humans
b. infectious diseases that existed in the past but for a variety of reasons are increasing increasing in incidence
c. infectious diseases that were not previously found in humand and typically jump from a human host to animals
d. non-infectious diseases that have transformed into infectious diseases
e. hidden diseases that are finally being detected through technology



Answer: a

Most freshwater is present in the form of:

Most freshwater is present in the form of:




a. water in lakes
b. ice caps and glaciers
c. water in rivers
d. groundwater
e. atmospheric water vapor



Answer: b

Development (asphalt, buildings) changes the natural flow of water on a landscape by

Development (asphalt, buildings) changes the natural flow of water on a landscape by




a. decreasing both runoff and evaporation/transpiration
b. increasing groundwater intrusion
c. increasing runoff and decreasing evaporation/transpiration
d. leading to droughts
e. increasing clay content of soil


Answer: c

Which of the following features is typical of k-selected species?

Which of the following features is typical of k-selected species?




a. early maturity
b. small body size
c. produce a large number of offspring
d. long life span
e. no parental care invested in the offspring
f. all of the above



Answer: d

Metapopulations can be characterized by:

Metapopulations can be characterized by:




a. extremely large populations of different species
b. a community of spatially separated populations of the same species
c. a community of species that are all Type 1 or r-selected
d. sink patches, where the birth rates are greater than the death rate, and source patches
e. b and d


Answer: b

Endocrine disruptors:

Endocrine disruptors:




a. include DDT, mercury and phthalates
b. rarely bioaccumulate
c. affect the reproduction of fishes, birds, and reptules but do not impact mammals
d. are primarily introduced to the environment by combustion
e. all of the above



Answer: a

In an el nino, we expect:

In an el nino, we expect:



a. abnormally cold water in the eastern pacific
b. collapse of the fishing industry in the philippines
c. abnormally strong hurricanes in the gulf of mexico
d. very weak trade winds in the pacific
e. none of the above



Answer: d

Hurricanes (or tropical cyclones) are

Hurricanes (or tropical cyclones) are




a. formed around a center of very high pressure
b. fueled by the evaporation of water, Which releases heat energy
c. frequently developed from thunderstorm activity in the med
d. most common in july
e. none of these



Answer: e

Which of the following is/are true:

Which of the following is/are true:



a. typhoons and cyclones are physically different from hurricanes
b. the azores high can sometimes push developing storms toward the US
c. the fastest winds in a hurricane are in the eye
d. katrina made landfall as a category 5
e. a, b, and d


Answer: b

Which of these has the most dense water?

Which of these has the most dense water?




a. lake pontchartrain
b. shallow water in the gulf stream
c. the bottom of the south atlantic
d. the bottom of an inland lake



Answer: c
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