A client seeks medical attention for dyspnea, chest pain, syncope, fatigue, and palpitations. A thorough physical examination reveals an apical systolic thrill and heave, along with a fourth heart sound (S4) and a systolic murmur. Diagnostic tests reveal that the client has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Which nursing diagnosis may be appropriate?
a) Decreased cardiac output
b) Risk for peripheral neurovascular dysfunction
c) Risk for deficient fluid volume
d) Ineffective thermoregulation
Answer: Decreased cardiac output